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GONSTRUGTION OF PORTABLE BUILDINGS. No. 640,084. Patented May 28, 1895.

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CONSTRUCTION O PORTABLE BUILDINGS. No.. 540,084. Patented May 28, 1895.

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tramp STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ONOFRIO ABRUZZO, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

1 CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 540,084, dated May 28,1895. Application filed September 14, 1894. Serial No. 522.971. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ONOFRIO ABRUZZO, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction ofPortable Buildings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of buildingssuitable particularly to be used as dwellings, stables, storage shedsand, in general,-for purposes which do not call for very heavy andmassive structures.

The purposes of my invention are to so construct the various portions ofsuch buildings which particularly constitute its walls and to soassemble and connect the same with each other, that thereby buildingsmay be produced which require Very little time for their erection or fortaking them apart which, while lightin weight and comprising asmallamount of building material shall possess great strength as Well aselasticity, and shall be capable of being kept tight notwithstanding theshrinkage which may occur in the portions of the building constructed ofwood. I accomplish these and other useful objects by the meanshereinafter described and set forth more particularly in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like figures of reference refer tocorresponding parts, Figure 1 represents a front elevation, partly insection, of a two'story build ing constructed according to my invention,a panel normally forming part of the structure and comprising a windowbeing omitted in the righthand portion of this view. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section of the building along line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is arear view of the panel above referred to in condition to be inserted inits proper position as part of a building. Fig. 4 is a horizontalsection of a window-frame with adjoining metallic rib-piece. Fig. 5 is avertical section along line 5 5 in Fig. 2, and Fig. 6 a like sectionalong line 6 6 in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a front view, partly in section,ofanother building embodying features covered by my invention. Fig. 8 is ahorizontal section along line 8 8 in Fig. 7, and Figs. 9, 10, and 11 arevertical sections along lines 9 9,

1O 10, and 11 11, respectively, in Fig. 8, while Figs. 12 and 13 aredetail views, the latter drawn in perspective, showing my preferredmodes of joining together various portions employed in the constructionof buildings 16 extending into but not through said blocks are provided,capable of receiving the lower ends of angle irons 17 whichserve as themain vertical corner supports of the building.

19, 19 are horizontal angle irons resting upon foundation blocks 15 andbeing bolted to up- 20, 20 are T-iron-s atright angle irons 17. tachedtosaid uprights so as to have their main ribs extend outward therefrom and21, 21 angle irons secured to the upper ends of angle irons 17. Bars 19,20 and 21 are all so fastened to the outer surfaces of corner posts 17as to have one of their flanges extending in an outward direction.

22, 22 are horizontal flat metallic bars placed opposite to bars 19, 20and 21, and at such distances therefrom as to permit the insertionbetween them of vertical planks or boards 23, preferably tongued andgrooved, which are to form the main body of the outside walls of thebuilding. These planks or boards extend between and abut closely againstthe horizontal flanges or ribs of bars 19, 20 and 21.

24, 24. are bolts which serve to hold the tie bars 22 to thecorresponding metallic bars 19, 20 and 21 thus serving to confine boards23 in their proper positions.

Where doors or windows are to be inserted in the outer walls I provideopenings25 therein extending, vertically between successive tie bars 22.26, 26 are vertical angle bars placed on both sides of such openings andhaving one flange extending along the outersurface of the nearestadjoining board 23, and 27, 27 are smaller angle bars having one flangeextending along the inner surface of such a board and h avin g its otherflange placed along and secured to the dorresponding flange of an angleiron 26. By using these two sets of vertical angle irons as indicated, Iobtain open-v ings 25 in the walls of the building extending verticallybetween an ppper and a lower lati eral tie beam and having their sidessmooth and inproper condition to receive the frame of a window, or of adoor, as the case may be. j

28 is such a frame provided on each side with two vertical innergrooves, one of them adapted to receive therein the-lower window sash 3O1 and the other to receive the upper window sash 32.

remaining spaces. The window casing and boards 31 and 33 are bolted tothe flat me't'allic uprights 29 in such a manner that the latput intheir proper positions, bolts being used to connect these uprights witheach other-and to connect those forming parts of the panels with lateraltie pieces 22, and thus to secrete the window panel in its desiredposition.

For the purpose *of "supporting the wooden floor beams 34, I run angleir'ons 3'5, along two opposite ei'deeer the building, so bolting saidangle irons to corresponding angle iro'n's 19 or T'-'b'ea'n*is 20 as tomake one of their flanges form a shelf extending inward on which theehdser the weedeh 'floo'r beams are made to rest.

36 are beards constituting the doors and 37 small angle irons placed entop of the seine these ends as to have its flanges rest thereon and haveits main rib extend downward between said ends, bolts ;39 being usedto-join it together With Said boards and the fi'oor bea m underneath.For this in-ode of consent ingthe parts that illustrated in Fig. it maybe substituted, wherein a single poi-t 40 pass ing through a flat ironbar 41 and the floor b'ea'm underneath holds the parts in their roperrelative position.

the boards formin the same with tongues and grooves, providing in suchgrooves however an additional recess filled with rubber or others'i'lilt-"able at-1W1 preferably ei astie packing 31 and 33 are board'sfilling out the 19 and 22, or to the uprights as the case may be. 1amthus enabled to bring the boards close together notwithstanding greatshrinkage and to put in a compensating board or strip to make up forsuch shrinkage. It will also be seen that under my construction theholes in the boards are not exposed to the weather but are fullyconcealed and protected by the adjoining metallic beams.

It will be seen that the construction above described offers a verysimple form of a portable house, the parts of which may all be preparedin the factory and be fitted carefully to each other, prior to shippinand erecting the same.

In the building illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 101 employ cornersupports consisting of vertical angle irons 43 of small cross-sectionproperty anchored in foundation blocks 15 and outer angle irons 44 oflarger cross seeitem pieced par iiiei therewith so to receive betweentheir flanges the horizontal beards 45 forming the walls of thebuildings. 46 and 47 are horizontal angle irons, having one of theirflan es bolted to c'ei nersupperts 444 this joining the iai't-ertogether and having the other flange ext-end outward, and 48 is T- ironfastened in a corresponding manner to said corner supports and havingits main rib extending outward, thus forming a water tabl'e irehi "whichwater may drop err withoutreaching the wood work underneath. The end ofthe horizontal rib of T=iron 20, Fi g. 1, has a similar etrehe Iopenings for panels =conllprising doors and win'dews are provided inthe'W-alls as heretofore described and the wooden floor beams i andfloors are also arranged and supported as specified above. 7 Materialshrinkage of the boards which iattei-aie placed horizontally is also co""ensa ted for as described, this structure in general being designedeecordi'ng to the same general plan but lighter and chea er. Wherebeards 45 meet in the outer walls I join the same togeth r by outer fiatmetallic bars 49 and inner angle i rons 5O bolted together as shown inFig. -8, said angle irons also serving to receive between them ifdesired the ends of horizontal boards 51 which form a partition. I,

In Fig. 13 I show a form of partition coin- I prising boards having"their ends in erted be- I make tho OtliZGi We ll-1 S tight providingtwee the flanges of two 'U ironS 52. Said partitions may be inserted inany desired p'os'ition the boards being made to run in any directionthat may appear ino'st suitable. While I prefer to inake the theme ofiron or other metal, it may be made of hard wood or of any ethersuitable material.

In the construction of the walls, floors, &e,, I may rise wood, i ron,{corrugated or no't,) stone stabs, retire cotta, marble, hard compressedpaperer papier n'rach or any other kho'wh silit'able material orcomposition.

*I claim as new and desire to secure by Let.- te'i's Patent-- 1. Thebuildin-g,'the combination with a prising flanged uprights and lateraltie pieces provided with flanges extending outward, boards forming thewalls of the building, additional metallic horizontal beams attached tothe uprights and having a flange extending inwardly, such horizontalbeams extending along the walls of the building, and floor beamssupported by such flanges, substan tially as set forth.

3. In a building, the combination with a metallic skeleton comprisingverticals located on both sides of the spaces occupied by the windowsand having flanges extending parallel with the sides of the building, ofdetachable panels comprising upright metallic bars overlapping saidflanges and a window casing secured thereto, and means for securing suchupright bars to aforesaid flanges, substantially as set forth.

4. In the construction of a door, the combination Wlth a wooden floorbeam, of boards resting thereon, a metallic T-beam having its flangesresting on the ends of said boards and having its main rib extendinginto the space between the ends of said boards, and bolts joiningtogether said flanges, boards and wooden floor beams, substantially asset forth.

I 5. In the construction of buildings, the combination with a boardprovided with a tongu e,

of a second board provided with a groove capable of receiving suchtongue said groove being enlarged inwardly, and suitable packingmaterial, as rubber, inserted in the en- A largement of the groove,substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York, this12th day of September, A. D. 1894.

ONOFRIO ABRUZZO.

Witnesses:

J. E. M. BOWEN, G. B. ZANARDO.

